Journal: BMC Veterinary Research

Article Title: Arginine and its metabolites stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and physiological function of porcine trophoblast cells through β-catenin and mTOR pathways

doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04023-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of different concentrations of arginine on cell physiological functions

Article Snippet: EGF (CSB-E06788p, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), progesterone (CSB-E12869p, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), estradiol (CSB-E06844p, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), hCG (CSB-E05060h, Cusabio, Wuhan, China) and hPL (CSB-E09665h, Cusabio, Wuhan, China) were detected using correspond ELISA kits.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Methods to improve efficacy of orally administered bioactive peptides using bovine colostrum as an exemplar

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253422

Figure Lengend Snippet: BC alone, or in combination with test products, was subjected to digestion (see ) and analysed by ELISA for effect on total bovine IgG (A), and the growth factors bovine TGFβ (B), bovine EGF (C) and bovine lactoferrin (D). Aliquots of undigested samples (U) were compared against results following HCl/pepsin (P) and chymotrypsin + trypsin (CT) digestion. Results expressed as mean +/- SEM for 4 wells. ** signifies P<0.01 vs undigested sample, $$ signifies P<0.01 vs equivalent digested BC control.

Article Snippet: Bovine EGF ELISA (Cusabio, CSB-E17171B) and bovine lactoferrin ELISA (Bethyl laboratories, E11-126) kits were purchased from antibodies-online.com, Aachen, Germany.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: The Journal of Clinical Investigation

Article Title: TGF- β controls alveolar type 1 epithelial cell plasticity and alveolar matrisome gene transcription in mice

doi: 10.1172/JCI172095

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) To obtain AT1 cells for culture, P5–P10 pup lungs were obtained after lineage labeling with tamoxifen at P0. Whole lung cell suspensions were obtained using a dispase, DNase, and collagenase digestion buffer after which the epithelial cell population was enriched by depleting the CD45 + and CD31 + population. Remaining cells were fluorescently sorted with FACS to obtain a CD326 + and YFP + suspension. Cells were plated onto fibronectin-coated plates with or without TGF-β1 ligand (7.5 ng/mL) or TGF-β inhibitor SB431542 (10μM) and evaluated at days 2, 4, and 6. ( B ) ICC of RAGE + (AGER + ) cells treated with TGF-β ligand or inhibitor in culture at days 2, 4, and 6 with a zoomed image of cells at day 6 appearing at the bottom. Scale bars: 100 μm. ( C ) Quantification of mean AGER + cell area depicted in B by 1-way ANOVA with Holms Šidák’s test for multiple comparisons ( n = 135–231). ( D ) Quantification of mean cell roundness at day 6 depicted in B by 1-way ANOVA with Holms Šidák’s test for multiple comparisons ( n = 148–167). ( E ) Quantification of qPCR RNA transcript expression levels (FC compared with GAPDH, normalized to controls) of the AT2 marker Sftpb , fibronectin-binding integrins ( F ) Itga5 and ( G ) Itgb1 , and ( H ) basement membrane constituents including the collagen IV subtypes Col4a1 , Col4a3 , and Col4a4 and laminin-332 constituents Lama3 and Lamb3 ( n = 3 per group, 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons). ( I ) Representative schematic of findings indicating that TGF-β regulates integrin expression to guide ECM binding and cellular spread, which affects cell identity and matrisome expression and impacts lung development. Schematics in A and I were created in BioRender. Results are representative of 3 experiments.

Article Snippet: Lineage-traced AT1 cells were obtained following FACS and were then placed into an organoid growth medium containing DMEM F12 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and growth factors including bovine pituitary extract, cholera toxin, FBS, gentamicin, retinoic acid, insulin, transferrin (all from Lonza), and human epithelial growth factor (Peprotech), as previously described ( , ).

Techniques: Labeling, Suspension, Expressing, Marker, Binding Assay, Membrane